Introduction
Condyloma acuminata, commonly known as genital warts, is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the Human Papillomavirus (HPV). It affects both males and females and commonly involves the genital and anal areas.
CONDYLOMA ACUMINATA
Cause
Condyloma acuminata is caused mainly by:
- HPV types 6 and 11 (low-risk types)
The virus spreads through:
- Sexual contact (vaginal, anal, oral)
- Skin-to-skin contact
- Rarely through contaminated objects
Clinical Features (Symptoms)
- Small, soft, flesh-colored or pink growths
- Cauliflower-like appearance
- May be single or multiple
- Usually painless, but can cause:
- Itching
- Burning sensation
- Bleeding on friction
Common Sites
- Penis, scrotum
- Vulva, vagina, cervix
- Perianal region
- Urethral opening
Diagnosis
- Mainly clinical diagnosis
- Dermoscopy may help
- Biopsy in doubtful or atypical cases
- Pap smear in females to rule out cervical involvement
Differential Diagnosis
- Molluscum contagiosum
- Pearly penile papules
- Seborrheic keratosis
- Condyloma lata (syphilis)
Treatment
Treatment aims to remove visible warts and reduce transmission:
Modern Medicine
- Topical agents (Podophyllin, Imiquimod)
- Cryotherapy
- Electrocautery
- Laser therapy
- Surgical excision
Recurrence is common because HPV may persist in surrounding skin.
Ayurvedic Perspective
In Ayurveda, condyloma acuminata can be correlated with Charmakeela.
Ayurvedic Management includes:
- Kshar Karma
- Agnikarma
- Internal medicines to boost immunity
- Blood purification (Raktashodhana)
- Local application of herbal preparations
(Always under supervision of a qualified Ayurvedic physician)
Prevention
- Safe sexual practices
- Use of condoms (reduces risk, not 100%)
- HPV vaccination
- Regular health check-ups
- Early treatment of lesions
Prognosis
- Benign condition
- High recurrence rate
- Early diagnosis and treatment give good outcomes
When to Consult a Doctor
- Any unusual growth in genital or anal area
- Bleeding or pain from lesions
- Partner diagnosed with genital warts
Conclusion
Condyloma acuminata is a common but treatable sexually transmitted condition. Early diagnosis, proper treatment, and preventive measures help control the disease and prevent complications.
